Dibujo a Mano Alzada
COMO TÉCNICA PARA UN CATÁLOGO DE EDIFICACIONES HISTÓRICAS EN LA ZONA ANTIGUA DE LA CIUDAD DE LA PAZ
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JANUARY
1 (1720). The Mision of La Purísima Concepción de Cadegomó was established by the Jesuit Nicolás Tamaral.
1 January 1942. The first Synarchists departed from La Paz towards the village of Santo Domingo in the homonymous desert valley.
1 January 1972 Town councils were established in La Paz, Comondú and Mulegé as a result of the re-enactment of the municipality of BCS.
1 January 1981 The 1st local government of Los Cabos municipality took up.
4 January 1941. General Francisco J.Múgica was designated governor of the Southern territory of Baja California Sur and commander of the III Military zone by president Manuel Ávila Camacho.
6 January 1977.Marcelo Rubio Ruiz, prestigious professor, teacher of various generations of professors, civil servant and senator of BCS, died in La Paz.
9 January 1970. The historian Pablo L. Martínez died in Mexico City. He was the forefather of the historical studies in the Californias. His mortal remains were buried in San José del Cabo and one year later they were transferred and buried at the Rotunda of Distinguished Sundcalifornians. He was born in Santa Anita, near San José del Cabo.
11 January 1997. Carlos Estrada Ruibal died in La Paz. He was a unique humanitarian doctor and forefather of Sudcalfornian paediatrics. He was born in the same capital of Baja California Sur the 3 of December 1928.
15 January 1975. The Political Constitution of the State of Baja California Sur, was promulgated by provisional governor Félix Agramont Cota which he received from the Constituent Congress on the previous 9th of January.
17 January 1984. Brigadier-General Libradp Avitia Garcés died in Mexco. He was the governor of the territory of Baja California Sur (1924-1925).
18 January 1913. The Orteguistas defeated and banished the column of Román A. Vázquez.
20 January 1728. The Jesuits Juan Bautista Luyando and Sebastián de Sistiaga (both of them mexicans) founded the misión of an Ignacio Kadakaamán.
21 January 1978. José María Garma González died in La Paz. He was a prestigioussoldier, public servant, teacher and excellent poet. He was born in Las Minas, Veracruz on the 28th of June 1903.
26 January 1987. President Miguel de la Madrid inaugurated the Cultural Center “Jesús Castro Agúndez”, Radio Cultural Sudcaliforniana (XEBCS), Rontunda of Distinguished Sudcalifornias, the Historical Archive “Pablo L. Martínez”, Library “Filemón C. Piñeda”, Art Gallery “Carlos Olachea”, City Theatre and Open-air Theatre “Rosaura Zapata”.
27 January 1644. Captain Alonso González, from the armada of Admiral Pedro Porter y Casanate, arrived to what is known today as San José del Cabo, where he was well received by the natives.
30 January 1946 General Agustín Olachea assumed the government of its place of origin for the second time, which he practiced for a little more than a decade.
31 January 1837. Second Lieutenant Fernando de la Toba assumed for the second time the government of the Territory of Baja California Sur, which he practised until the following 7th of May.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
FEBRUARY
1 February 1825. President Guadalupe Victoria designated Lieutenant Colonel of engineers José Ma. de Echeandía the commander general and political chief of both Californias.
3 February 1707. Father Juan María de Salvatierra returned to Loreto after briefly holding a position as provincial at the Society of Jesus of the New Spain
.
3 February 1768. The expelled Jesuits of the Antigua California set sail from Loreto.
4 February 1775. Felipe Neve arrived to Loreto as governor of the Californias.
5 February. Anniversary of the promulgation of the current General Constitution of the Republic (1917), which the population of Ciudad Constitución celebrates as their own festivity.
5 February 1944 The Normal Urbana School in La Paz and the theatre “Manuel Márquez de León” in Todos were inaugurated by Governor Francisco J. Múgica.
5 February 1950 The Hotel California was inaugurated in Todos Santos by its owner Antonio Wong Tabasco.
6 February 1959. Ingacio Bañuelos Cabezud, a combative journalist founder of the Eco of Calfornia, died in La Paz.
7 February 1931. The division of the Northern and Southern territories of Baja California acquired official status.
12 February 1860. The Council of Baja California promulgated the Organic Statute of the Territory.
13 February 2012. Victor Manuel Liceaga Ruibal, ex.governor of Baja California Sur (1987-1993), died in Cabo San Lucas.
14 February 1996. Alberto Andrés Alvarado died in Mexico City. He was a politician and ex-governor of Baja California Sur (1981-1987).
15 February 1847. Mauricio Castro, first chairperson of the Territorial Council was in charge of the politic government of the peninsula and he immediately began to organize the defence against the North-American intervention.
15 February 1848. The San Vicente battle took place at the vicinity of San José del Cabo against the North American interventionists.
20 February 1971. The Diario oficial de la federación (Official Mexican Federation Journal) published the Organic Law of the BCS territory through which the free municipality regime in this entity was established and which had been suspended since 1929.
21 February 1712. Castillian Jesuite Pedro Matías Goñi died in Guadalajara. He accompanied Father Francisco Kino and Father Juan Bautista Copart during the colonization expedition of Admiral Isidro Atondo y Antillón in California from 1683 to 1685.
21 February 1938. The Josephine poet Margarito Sández Villarino, author of the Sudcalifornian chant “Costa Azul” (Blue Coast), died in La Paz. He was born in San José del Cabo in 1910.
22 February 1729. The Jesuit priest Francisco María Piccolo, founder of the missions of San Javier and Mulegé died in Loreto.
22 February 1983. Elizabeth the II, Queen of England and Prince Phillipe were in La Paz at Ojo de Liebre Bay, Baja California Sur from Tuesday to the following 24th of February.
23 February 1996 Pilot captain José Castañeda Montes died in La Paz. He was native to Chihuahua and dwelled in Baja California Sur since 1960 in service of the Sudcalifornian aeronautics.
23 February 1996. The Whale Museum was opened in the south area of the Cultural Unit “Jesús Castro Agúnez”.
24 February 1987. Cabo San Lucas obtained the category of city.
25 February 2003. Reception of the Espiritu Santo Island (BCS) by the President of the Republic so as to guarantee its conservation and perpetuity. The commemorative plaque of this event is found at the esplanade of La Paz at the end of 5 de Mayo Avenue.
26 February 1829. Due to the politic separation of the peninsular and continental Californias, Colonel Manuel Victoria took up the government of the first one. His charge lasted until the 8th of March 1830.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
MARCH
1 March 1700. Missionary Juan María de Salvatierra suggested the viceroy to name the Jesuit California as “Kingdom of the Californias” as homage to King Charles the II, who died time later causing everyone to forget about the subject.
1 March 1701 The Jesuits Eusebio Kino y Juan María de Salvatierra left the mission of Los Dolored (Sonora) for an exploration voyage at the Colorado River in which region they verified the peninsularity of California.
3 March 1719. Captain Esteban Rodríguez Lorenzo, master-at-arms of Loreto, the Jesuit Clemete Guillén, some natives and soldiers began the first land expedition from Loreto to Magdalena Bay with the aim of setting up a refresh point for the Manila Ggalleon (or Chinese ship), the enterprise did not succeeded because water was not found.
4 March 1822. The crew from the “Araucano” brigantine from the Chilean army attacked and looted Loreto’s population so as to obligate the sudcalifornians to accept the Mexican Independence. The invasion was stopped by Second Lieutenant José María Mata (in the absence of Governor José Darío Argüello who had fled to Comondú) at the front of some civilians who recovered the loot.
5 March 1822. Manuel Márquez de León was born in San Antonio. He became the Republic’s advocate and one of the forerunners of the Mexican Revolution. He died in Mexico City on the 27th of July of 1890.
5 March 1861. José Mariano Monterde died in Mexico City. He was a creole soldier adhered to the Iguala Plan, governor of the Baja California peninsula (1829-1834), governor of Chihuahua and director of the Military Academy of Chapultepec where he led the defence against the North American intervention. He was born in Mexico City the 9th of February 1789.
7 March 1822. Second Lieutenant José María Mata and Mayor Juan Higuera proclaimed and pledged The National Independence in Loreto.
7 March 1962. Professor Elisa Agramont died in Todos Santos, she made an important teaching and social work in her hometown. She was born the 8th of May 1894.
12 March 1854. General José María Blancarte occupied the post of territorial governor which he received from Colonel Juan Clímaco Rebolledo.
14 March 1768. The 15 Franciscans that would be in charge of the ex-Jesuit Californian mission left San Blas (nowadays State of Nayarit) towards Loreto.
15 March 1854. Governor José María Blancarte left from La Paz to San José del Cabo along with his forces as prevention of the announced attack of the French adventurer Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
15 March 1976. Beginning of the academic activities of the Autonomous University of Baja California Sur
16 March 1769. The German Jesuits expelled from California, Hostell, Ducrue, Bishoff, Inama, Baegert , Tirsch, Link y Retz, left Cadiz towards their homelands.
17 March 1840. Captain Francisco del Castillo Negrete was appointed Main Commander of the Californias, of which his brother Luis-“a competent and honourable man” according to Pablo L. Martínez- was governor.
19 March 1701. The Honduran Jesuit Juan de Ugarte arrived to Loreto. He was immediately appointed to the mission of San Francisco Javier Viggé Biaundó, where he began a prodigious work which benefits extended to all of the Californian establishments.
19 March. Traditional patron saint festivities of San José del Cabo.
20 March 1976. The first high school of Ciudad Constitución was inaugurated.
21 March 1914. The police headquarters of the Southern district of Baja California, that was in the hands of Gregorio Osuna, did not recognized Victoriano Huerta’s government.
21 March 2015. The Philarmonic Orchestra of BCS debuted at the Teatro de la Ciudad de La Paz with pieces from Beethoven and Rachmaninoff. It was founded by Professor Luis Peláez García and directed by Armando Torres Chibrás.
23 March 1872. The Mexican government authorized that the Lower California Company exploited the Roccella canariensis found between Cabo San Lucas and parallel 28°.
25 March 1654. Francisco Maria Piccolo, who would be an important missionary in the Old California, was born in Palermo, Italy.
25 March 2014. Ángel César Arámburo died. He was a public server, federal legislator and ex-governor of Baja California Sur (1975-1981).
26 March 1804. The viceroy’s government divided the politics and management of the Californias in a peninsular part (Antigua, Vieja or Baja California) and a continental part (Nueva o Alta California)
26 March 1984. Teacher, writer and public servant Jesús Castro Agúndez died in La Paz. His mortal remains were buried in the Rotunda of Distinguished Sudcalifornians.
26 March 2009. Professor Nestor Agúndez Martínez, extraordinary teacher, poet (with emphasis in sonnets), dramatists, choreographer, chronicler, biographer and arts promoter, died in Todos Santos, where he was originally from. He was born in Todos Santos the 26th of February 1925.
27 March 1768. The Jesuits expelled from California arrived to Veracruz after a month and a half of an exhausting voyage from Loreto.
27 March 1932. Idelfonso Cipriano Green Ceseña died in San José del Cabo. He was a fighter for the Reform,the Republic and the Mexican Revolution. He was born the 23rd of January 1836 in Cabo San Lucas.
29 March 1847. The Commander of the Porthsmouth corvette from United States, John. D. Montgomery, commanded the surrender of the authorities of San José del Cabo.
30 March 1864. President Benito Juárez authorized the Leese Concession which contains the clauses to colonialize the empty lands of the Baja California peninsula from the 24 to the 31 degrees.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
APRIL
1 April 1638. An expedition group led by Admiral Isidro Atondo y Antillon and the Jesuits Eusebio Francisco Kino and Pedro Matías Goñi, arrived to La Paz. This group made a new population and evangelization project in this California during two years.
1 April 1768 Along with Junípero Serra as president, the Franciscans in charge of looking after the Californian missions due to the expulsion of the Jesuits arrived to Loreto.
1 April 1923. The Mutual Organization “Union” was founded in La Paz. Due to its years of operation as well as its regional and national importance, it received the meritorious award.
1 April 1963. Juan Dominguez Cota died in Mexico City. He was a general at the army and governor of Baja California Sur (1932-1938), where he was from.
1 April 1981. President José López Portillo inaugurated the building of the Fund for Social and Cultural Activities (FOANAPAS), the Main Square of La Paz and the Museum of History and Anthropology at the capital of BCS.
3 April 2000. Leoncio Coronado Núñez died in Ciudad Constitución. He was a soldier and a farmer from the Santo Domingo valley with a long trajectory in community service. He was from Todos Santos, where he was born in 1923.
5 April 1540 Captain Francisco de Ulloa sent from the Cedros Island a letter to Hernán Cortés in which he gave him details of the exploration that took place at the peninsula that he named Calfornia.
5 April 1683. The expedition of Admiral Isidro de Atondo y Antillón and the Jesuit Eusebio Francisco Kino took place at the realm that he named Santísima Trnidad de las Californias, and he founded the real of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe in La Paz.
6 April 1866. In the name of the Republican cause the merchant vessel John L. Stephens, which navigated carrying arms and munitions for the French in Mazatlán, was captured in Cabo San Lucas
6 April 1962. Raíl Antonio Carrillo Salgado died in Mexico City. He was a Sudcalifornian doctor and teacher, supporter of public health in his home state. He was born in La Paz (BCS) the 13th of June 1909.
7 April 1772. The treaty between the Franciscan and Dominican Orders of New Spain was signed, by which the second would be in charge of the peninsular missions of California and the first one would take on the new continental establishments, called Alta California afterwards.
7 April 1954. Official foundation date of Guerrero Negro, a population at the northern area of Baja California Sur which origin and economical base is the production of salt. Its name comes from the translation of the words Black Warrior which was a ship that ran ground at its shores in the middle of the XIX century.
8 April 1730 The mission of San José del Cabo was founded by Jesuit priest Nicolás Tamaral and visitor Father José de Echeverría with the financial support of Esq. Joseph de la Puente y Peña, Marquis of Villapuente.
8 April 1748. The Jesuit Clemente Guillén died in Loreto after 34 years as missionary in California. He was born in the capital of Zacatecas in 1677.
12 April 2009. Doctor Francisco Cardoza Carballo died. He was a professor, doctor, and politician of distinguished accomplishments in the history of Baja California Sur due to his contribution to the development of institutions in service of the Sudcalifornian people.
13 April 1847. The corvette Porthsmouth arrived to La Paz to establish the terms of the American occupation with Governor Francisco Palacios Miranda.
13 April 1973. General Agustín Olachea Avilés died in La Paz. He was born the 3rd of September of 1880 in San Venancio. His mortal remains were buried at the Rotunda of Distinguished Sudcalifornians.
19 April 1876. Colonel Maximo Velasco died in La Paz, he was a political chief Baja California Sur a year before his replacement by General Bibiano Dávlos. His short administration faced serious disagreements with the apostolic vicar Ramón Moreno and Castañeda, mainly due to the contempt of the Reform Laws. The garden of the main square of the Sudcalifornian capital is named after the distinguished governor.
28 April 1855. Due to President Antonio López de Santana’s decree, the exportation of metal that was not beneficiary in the Baja California Sur peninsula was duty free, this would result of great benefit to mining because various shipments were sold to France.
30 April 1772. Viceroy Antonio María de Bucareli sent a decree that legalized the agreement between Dominics and Franciscans in which the first ones were in charge of the Californian peninsular missions and the second ones stayed definitely in the Alta or Nueva California.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
MAY
May de 1960. The potable water supply network was inaugurated in La Paz.
1 May 1699 The Jesuit María Piccolo left Loreto to a site called Viggé by the native people, where he found “a spacious ravine, so comfortable and full of groves that everyone was full of happiness” accordingly to what later on Father Juan María de Salvatierra wrote. It was there where the head of the San Francisco Javier mission was established.
3 May 1535. Hernán Cortés arrived to the port and bay that is now the Sudcalifornian capital, which he named “Santa Cruz” due to the Christian celebration of that day.
3 May 1856. The political chief José María Gómez decreed that villiage of Cabo San Lucas would be pronounced town by virtue of being set up for costal fishing by the general government.
4 May 1913. Francisco Cardoza Carballo, who would be an important professor, doctor and politician, was born. He died the 12th of April 2009.
5 May 1939. The library “Mtro.Justo Sierra” was founded by the political chief Liutenant Colonel Rafael M. Pedrajo at the main room of the “José María Morelos” secondary school (Belisario Domínguez between 5 de Mayo and Independencia).Later on, it became part of the Culture Center (5 Madero and 5 de Mayo) and finally it was established at the “Sobarzo” building (Altamirano between 5 de Mayo and Constitución)
7 May 1837 Mr. Luis del Castillo Negrete assumed the government of the peninsula in front of the city council of La Paz. In his firsts regulations he tried to sooth the conflicts in which the population lived in every aspect. He stayed in charge until 1842 when he resigned.
8 May 1685. The exploration and evangelization project of more than two years in San Bruno was abandoned by Admiral Isidro Atondo and Jesuit Eusebio Francisco Kino. It was the first Californian mission north of Loreto.
8 May 1894. Elisa Agramont Mendoza was born at El Triunfo, she would do a highlighted social and teaching work. She died the 7th of March 1962.
9 May 1969. The UNAM researchers Guadalupe Pérez San Vicente and Beatríz Arteaga gave Governor Hugo Cervantes del Río the Historical Archive of BCS, located at the first floor of the Cultural Center of La Paz (5 de Mayo between Belisario Dominguez and Madero) as a promotion for Mr. Miguel León-Portilla and Profesor Armando Trasviña Taylor, servers of the National University and the territorial government respectively.
10 May 1844. Francisco Palacios Miranda, of Canarian origin, was in charge of the peninsular government,. Four years later, after the defection in favour of the North American invaders in the 1846-1848 war, he was forced to leave along with them and three hundred more collaborationists.
10 May 2007. The decree by which the Espíritu Santo Archipielago was declared National Park was published at the Diario official de la Federacion (Official Journal of the Federation). The corresponding plaque is found at the esplanade of La Paz at the end of the 5 de Mayo Avenue.
10 May 2013. The agronomist engineer Félix Agramont Cota died. He was a public server, last governor of the territory and first one of the estate of BCS (1970-1975)
11 May 1769. Franciscans Junípero Serra and Miguel de la Campa y Cos departed along with Governor Gaspar Pórtola from the Santa María mission (nowadays the state of Baja California) towards Alta California. They arrived to San Diego on the 1st of July 1769.
13 May 1744. The Jesuit Jaime Bravo died in Francisco Javier Viggé-Biaundó. He was buried at the church he himself built in Loreto.
13 May. Caduaño celebrates the day of its patron saint, the Lady of Fatima.
14 May 1956. Fernando Jordán Juárez died in La Paz. He had a meaningful journalistic and literary production about Baja California Sur.
14 May 1900. Bonifacio Salinas leal , who would becom the governor of the Territory of Baja California Sur from 1959 to 1965, was born in General Bravo,Nuevo León. He died in Mexico City the 9th of October 1982.
15 May 1721. The Jesuit Juan de Ugarte and other companions departed from Loreto in order to begin an exploration journey in the Sea of Cortés. Once in Sonora, they passed by the seri coast and made some friendships, they sailed the Colorado River where they proved the peninsularity of California and went back to their point of departure in the mid of the following September.
15 May 1914. “Corporal Leocadio Fierro departed to La Ribera, where by the way, he died”.Leocadio Fierro was a police officer of the Huertista government who hoped to intercept a weapon shipment from Sonora to be received by the Constitutionalist defendants.
15 May. The village of San Isidro, very close to La Purísima in the municipality of Comondú, celebrates its patron saint
17 May 1922. The Sudcalifornian poet Filemón C. Piñeda died in La Paz.
17 May 1965. The Sudcalifornian engineer Modesto C. Rolland Mejía died in Córdoba Veracruz. He was one of the four precursors of concrete in Mexico. He was also an outstanding builder and influential politician. He was born in La Paz, Baja California Sur on the 14th of June 1881
18 May 1970. The international airport, which was named after General Manuel Márquez de León, was inaugurated in La Paz.
20 May 1925. Carlos M. Ezquerro took up the local government until the 1st of July 1927. He built the esplanade and broadened the electricity service in the capital of the federative entity.
24 May. The festivities of the religious advocation María Auxuliadora are held in the homonymus colony (municipality of Comondú). The foundation of this place, originally called “Plan de Caballos” was made by the first group of synarchists by Salvador Abascal Infante in the first days of January of 1942.
26 May 1990. Paceño doctor Enrique Von Borstel Labastida died. The work made in favor of others could be an example for those who take on the medical profession. His dedication to institutional medicine and his great desire for elevated it made him worthy of recognition as a main figure of social security in Baja California Sur.
29 May 1915. General Félix Ortega Aguilar, political chief and soldier of the Southern district, appointed by President Eulalio Gutiérrez, was a target of a military uprising held by some officials from his own troop which obligated the revolutionary chief to depart to Sonora.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
JUNE
1 June 1974. Sudcalifornian politic representations, led by governor Féliz Agramont, handed over a parchment to President Luis Echeverría, who visited this port due to Navy day. In it, they asked to promote a reform for the article 43 and others related to the General Constitution of the Republic in order to proclaim the territory of Baja California Sur a state of the Mexican federation.
2 June 1875. The armed warfare led by Emiliano Ibarra and Eduardo Rivas burst in La Paz. They kidnapped the political chief, General Bibiano Dávalos, whose liberation cost three thousand pesos. Federal forces from Sinaloa arrived to suffocate the rebellion, which happened on the following 25th of June.
3 June 1769. The transit of Venus over the solar disc was seen in San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur by French scientist Jean Baptiste D’Auterouche who travelled to the Californian peninsula with this goal. (See 5th of June, 2012)
3 June 1977. Porfessor Luis Peláez Manríquez died in La Paz at the end of a lifetime entirely focused to the production, execution and teaching of music in his hometown. He was born in the capital of BCS on the 16th of October 1903.
5 June 2012. The transit of Venus over the polar disc was seen again in Baja California Sur (See 3rd of June 1769)
6 June 2000. Professor Fernando Inés Cota Sández died in San José del Cabo. From 1974 to 1975 he was constituent deputee for the IV district of his estate. His last public function was as chronicler of the municipality of Los Cabos. He was born on the 21st January of 1918.
8 June 1735. The Marquis of Villapuente and his wife Gertrudis de la Paña gave several of their haciendas to the Society of Jesus, which built the principal base of what would be “The Pious Fund of the Californias”, for the establishment and support of the missions.
10 June 1971. Agustín Arriola Martínez died in La Paz. He was the Sudcalifornian governor elected by plebiscite authorized by President Adolfo de la Huerta. He reorganized the public management with thoroughness in efficiency, responsibility and respect of constitutional guarantees among other meaningful actions for Baja California Sur. He was born thr 11th of October 1887.
11 June 1879. Mauricio Castro Cota, who led the defense of Baja Cañifornia Sur during the Mexican-American War, died in his San Vicente country house, close to San José del Cabo
12 June 1967. An airplane from Aeronaves de México, collapsed over three houses between the Streets México and Independencia at the Guerrero neighbourhood in La Paz, B.C. Sur at 7:15 a.m.
13 June. San Antonio de Padua’s Day in the Christian calendar, patron saint of the homonymous village south of La Paz, which celebrates its yearly festivity.
15 June 1956. The station XENT, first commercial radio station of Baja California Sur, began its operations in La Paz.
20 June 1913. The Mexican Revolution in BCS began with the publication of the “Manifest of the inhabitants of the Southern District of Baja California” or Las Playitas Plan.
21 June. Yearly celebration of the San Luis Gonzaga community in the municipality of Comondú, BCS, due to its onomastic.
22 June 1825. The new General Commander and Political Chief of the two Californias José María de Echeandía, appointed by President Guadalupe Victoria, arrived to Loreto
24 June 1767. The viceroy of the New Spain, Marquis de Croix, made know the instructions of Carlos III so as to expel the Jesuits from all the Spanish realm and its colonies.
24 June. Traditional festivities of San Juan de Los Planes, BCS (municipality of La Paz) due to its onomastic day.
28 June 1875. Colonel Máximo Velasco occupied the charge of the territorial government. The main garden of La Paz, BCS, bears his name.
29 June The town of San Pedro, close to the state’s capital, celebrates the festivity of their homonymous patron saint.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
JULY
1 July 1769. The land expedition that founded its first mission at San Diego, arrived from Loreto to Alta California.
1 1891. The decree of President Díaz, where the 28° parallel north was established as the dividing line between the North and South districts of Baja California, became effective.
1 July 1860. Manuel Clemente Rojo took up the peninsular government. He was an important promoter of education in the peninsula and was also author of Apuntes históricos de la Baja California. (Historical Notes of Baja California)
2 July 1542. The sailor Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo had his eyes set on the Californian coast. He arrived to San José del Cabo where he stocked up on water to continue his exploration route through the peninsular Pacific.
8 July 1539. Francisco de Ulloa set sail from Acapulco to California leading three vessels, one of which was lost in the journey. He sailed through the Gulf littoral and the west coast of the peninsula until 1540. He made so by command of Hernán Cortés who with the new enterprise insisted in enlarging his discoveries in the Northeast region of the New Spain.
10 July 1825. The Territorial Council of the Californias was established in Loreto by General Commander and political chief José María de Echeandía. He also dived the peninsula in four municipalities, established the first primary schools in Loreto and San Antonio and issued a
land regulation.
11 July 1838. The municipality of Santiago was established.
11 July 1991. The solar eclipse, that brought in the attention of scientists, students and aficionados around the world, was seen in various points of BCS.
12 July 1768. After having disembarked in La Paz, visitor Joseph de Gálvez arrived to Santa Ana. He would proceed with the expelling of the Jesuits and would begin a series of management reforms and organized along with Franciscan Junípero Serra the colonization march of the Nueva or Alta California.
14 July 1885. The opening decree of the Santa Rosalía port was issued.
14 July 1890. The hospital “Juan María de Salvatiera” was founded in La Paz during the leadership of General Bonifacio Topete. Four years later, its own building was inaugurated at the block of the streets Madero, Revolución, Salvatierra and Torre Iglesias.
14 July 2005. The islands and protected areas of the Gulf of California were registered in the the World Heritage List from UNESCO. The commemorative plaque is found on the esplanade of La Paz at the end of 5 de Mayo Avenue.
16 July 1965. Miguel Carrillo Ayala a.k.a. “Pinocho”, a unique figure of Mexican aeronautics, died in La Paz, BCS.
17 July 1717. Father Juan María de Salvatierra died in Guadalajara, Jalisco on his way from Loreto to Mexico City.
18 July 1914. The Constitutionalist forces commanded by Sudcalifornian Colonel Miguel L. Cornejo took La Paz.
18 July 1914. The Aguascalientes Convention gave Félix Ortega Aguilar the rank of General and proclaimed him governor of his native state.
18 July 1982. The statues of the Sudcalifornian General Manuel Márquez de León and Clodomiro Cota Márques were unveiled at Paseo de La Reforma in Mexico City by Mexican President José López Portillo as part of the 110th anniversary programme of Benito Juárez’s death.
20 July 2005. Mrs. Dominga G. Amao died in San Antonio. She was a narrator, poet and journalist whose writings express a genuine love for her hometown.
21 July 1986. Sudcalifornian Artist Carlos Olachea Bouciguez died in the in the height of his plastic production.
22 July 1622. Juan de Ugarte was born in Teguacigalpa, Honduras. He would be the co-founder of the mission of La Paz and an extraordinary Jesuit in the Antigua California.
23 July 1929. Aguastín Olachea Avilés was named governor of the Southern territory. He was in charge until October 1931, when he was moved to the Northern territory in the same role. Later on he was given the same responsibility in his native state.
23 July 1963. Sudcalifornian teacher Rosaura Zapata Cano died in Mexico City. Her mortal remains were burried at the Rotunda of Dinstinguished Sudcalifornians.
25 July. Santiago’s Day (or Saint Jacob’s), date of the annual celebration of the homonymous town and old missional head established at the pericú site called Aiñiní.
27 July 1890. Sudcalifornian General Manuel Márquez de León, died in Mexico City. He was a defensor of Mexico in the North-American intervention and piracy, a fighter for the Republic and against the French intervention.
30 July 1953 The Hunting and Shooting Club “Gavilanes” (Sparrow Hawks) was founded in La Paz.
31 July. Festivities of San Ignacio’s town at the cochimi site Kadacaamán, where the headquarters of the Jesuit mission in honor of Ignacio de Loyola, founder of that religious corporation was built.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
AUGUST
1August 1769. French scientist Chappé d’Auteroche died in San José del Cabo where he was buried. He had led the expedition that travelled from Europe to the south of the peninsula in order to watch the transit of Venus across the solar disk which happened on the previous 3rd of June.
1 August 1974 The market “General Agustín Olachea Avilés” was inaugurated in La Paz, BCS by Governor Félix Agramont Cota and Municipality President Alfonso González Ojeda.
2 August 1628 The royal document, by which the viceroy Marquis of Cerralvo granted Francisco Ortega a license to see the convenience of continuing or cancelling explorations in California, was issued.
2 August 1721. Jesuit Clemente Guillén established the mission of Nuestra Señora de los Dolores as substitution of that of San Juan Malibat (o Ligüí), which was deserted mainly due to epidemics, lack of water and conflicts between the tribes.
8 August 1640 The communiqués so that Admiral Pedro Porter y Casanate found out if California had an exit to the sea on the north of the continent as it was supposed, was issued in Madrid.
10 August 1644 Eusebio Francisco Kino was born in Segno, Italy. He would an important role in the missionary development of the Antigua California, Sonora and Arizona.
10 August 1721. The Santiago mission was established on the coast of the Gulf of California and moved inland in 1723. The following year it was relocated to a third place where the construction of the temple began.
12 August 1922. Colonel of Infantry Clodomiro Cota Márquez, died in Mexico City at the end of an outstanding military career in service of the Republic. He was born in Todos Santos in 1835.
13 August 1913. The revolutionary Sudcalifornian Nicolás T. Antuna died in the ejido (An ejido is a Mexican system of communal land used for agriculture) Santa Cruz (known before as El Copalar). He was born on the 10th of September 1879.
13 August 2012. Doctor W. Michael Mathes died in Texas. He was a prolific historian of the Californias to whom BCS owes an important bibliographic and press production, as well as conferences and a meaningful support to the Historical Archive “Pablo L. Martínez”. President Miguel de la Madrid gave him in 1985 the award of “Aguila Azteca” (Aztec Eagle) with which the Mexican Government recognizes the important services that foreigners have given to our country. He was born in Los Angeles, California in 1936.
15 August 1920. The plebiscite day that favored paceño Agustín Arriola Martínez as governor of the Southern district of Baja California took place.
16 August 1824. The adhesion of Baja California to the Federal Republic was signed in Loreto “having told everyone, there was in general a lot of joy because of such magnificent and expected day…”
17 August 1972 Professor Domingo Carballo Félix died in La Paz at the end of a productive existence marked by a teaching vocation and the defence of Sudcalifornian values. He was born on the 20th of August 1897.
19 August 1825. The political chief José María de Echeandía issued in San josé Comondú a regulation over the lands for both of the peninsular Californias.
22 August 1974. The municipality market “General Agustín Olachea Avilés” was inaugurated in La Paz, BCS.
24 August. Saint Bartholomew’s Day according to the Christian calendar, date in which the yearly festivities of the town San Bartolo, in the municipality of La Paz, are celebrated
27 August 1959. The Honorable Team of Voluntary Firefighters began its operations in La Paz (BCS) due to the promotion of Mr. Norbert Hahnel Hoffmann at the patio of Hotel Los
27 August 1996. The Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Ciudad Constitución (Higher Education Institute of Ciudad Constitución) was inaugurated in Ciudad Constitución, BCS.
30 August. Jesuit missionary in California Carlos Neumayer died in Todos Santos (BCS). He was born in Boheme on March the 15th 1707.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
SEPTEMBER
1 September 1974. In his fourth government report, President Luis Echeverría announced that he would send to the Honorable Union Congress a proposed decree to reform the General Constitution of the Republic in order to transform the territories of Baja California Sur and Quintana Roo into states of the Mexican Federation. This occurred the day after.
3 September 1596. Sebastían Vizcaíno arrived to an inlet near Cabo San Lucas. He disembarked in a site that he baptized as San Felipe, where he began a friendly relationship with around 800 indigenous people. One day after the colony was established, he took possession of the land that the explorer called Nueva Andalucía.
3 September 1890. Agustín Olachea was born in San Venacio. He was an outstanding revolutionary and leader of the Baja California peninsula. He died in 1973.
4 September. The population of Mulegé (given the rank of “Heroic” by state decree) celebrates its day because according to the Christian book of saints this is the date assigned to Santa Rosalía and this is the name that the indigenous site of Caamán-ca-galejá received after 1705, when the Jesuit mission was founded.
6 September. The Plan of Ayutla, which Juan Álvarez led against Antonio López de Santa Ana, was recognised in Baja California Sur.
8 September. Traditional festivity of the city of Loreto, when the opening of the missional temple in 1704 is remembered.
9 September 1997. Lieutenant Colonel César Atilio Abente Benítez died in La Paz (BCS). He was from Paraguay and was known as “Che”.He was a prominent figure in the history of areal communication on this side of Mexico.
9 September 2003 Professor Manuel Davis Ramírez died in Loreto. He worked as a constituent deputy for the VI district of Loreto, Baja California Sur.
12 September 1860. Pirate William Walker was captured and executed in Nicaragua. He and a group of followers hoped to found the Republic of Sonora and Baja California of which he claimed to be the president in 1853. He was expelled from the peninsula, later on invaded Nicaragua and tried to the same in Honduras where he ended up executed.
14 September 1719. Jesuit Juan de Ugarte launched the sloop “Triunfo de la Cruz” in Mulegé, it was the first ship completely built in the Californias and in which he travelled from Loreto with Father Jaime Bravo to stablish the mission of Nuestra Señora del Pilar de La Paz which happened on the 3rd of November 1720.
15 September de 2001. Professor Román Pozo Méndez died. He was an outstanding sportsman and enthusiastic promoter of physical culture in Mexico and his native Baja California Sur. He was born on February the 26th 1932.
17 September 1958. Poet Leopoldo Ramos Cota died in Mexico City. Although he lived in Sonora since he was 7 years old, he was born in El Triunfo (BCS). Ever since he was young he worked in journalism and was telegraphist of Francisco Villa’s forces along with Renato Leduc. During many years until his death he worked for Excélsior and Últimas Noticias.
19 September de 1998. Armando Santiesteban Cota died in La Paz. He was a bank employee, businessman, enterprise leader and member of the Constituent Congress for the II district of his native state. He was the first one to precede the Sudcalifornian Association of Constituent Deputies. He was born in Santa Rosalía, BCS in 1930.
19 September 2004. Mr. Nemesio Murillo Murillo died in La Paz, Baja California Sur. He was a prominent social agent and pubic server of the North Pacific zone of his state that belonged to the municipality of Mulegé. He was born in San José de Gracia, of that jurisdiction on December the 19th 1909.
21 September 1920. Agustín Arriola Martínez occupied the government of the district, as a result of the plebiscite Ordered by President Adolfo Huerta. The electoral process finished during the previous elections of the 15th of August that gave victory to Arriola, who, according to Mr. Pablo L. Martínez, “enjoyed great sympathy among all social classes”.
22 September 1806. Mauricio Castro Cota was born in San José del Cabo. He would have a relevant performance in the Sudcalifornians’ resistance against the North American intervention of 1846-1848. He died at his San Vicente farm near San José del Cabo the 11 of June 1879.
24 September 1965. The photography of the south of the Baja California peninsula appeared on the cover of Life magazine. It was taken from the especial spaceship Geminis V one-hundred miles of altitude.
26 September 1902. Agustín Sanginés Calvillo, last political chief of the porfirismo in BCS, occupied the district government in which he stayed until the 29th of July 1911.
26 September 1961. The secondary school “Constitución” (now “Ricardo Flores Magón”) was opened in the town that has the same name. It was the first institution of that category at the valley of Santo Domingo.
27 September 1821. End of the National Independence that is celebrated as an annual festivity in Ciudad Insurgentes, known before as De la Toba colony in memory of Second Lieutenant Fernando de la Toda who was governor of BCS during some month in 1822.
28 September 1539. In the name of Hernán Cortés, Captain Francisco Ulloa occupied the cove of San Andrés and Bermeja Sea, name that was given to the Gulf of California for the first time due to the color of its waters at the mouth of the Colorado River. Later on, the expedition went around the cape of San Lucas to which the name of Califonia was given for the first time by chronicler Francisco Preciado.
29 September. The town of San Miguel de Comondú celebrates its patron saint according to the Catholic book of Saints. It was established as a visiting site of the Loreto mission by Jesuit Juan de Ugarte in 1714 and incorporated to the mission of San José de Comondú later on.
29 September 1865. Félix Gilbert, territorial governor of Baja California, ordered the subjugation of the entity to Maximiliano’s Empire which created discomfort among the Sudcalifornian population and who led by Clodomiro Cota Márquez kept the national sovereignty in this side of Mexico. The French intervention never set a foot in BCS.
30 September 1768. Fernando Rivera y Moncada began the element recollection of the 14 Californian mission in Loreto destined to the settements projected in Alta or Nueva California with the promise to pay them back, which never happened. Due to this situation, the ex-Jesuit settlements were left in the worst conditions in every sense.
30 September 1929. The federal junior-high school “José María Morelos y Pavón”, the first institution of this educational level in Baja California Sur, began its operations in La Paz.
30 September 1976. Hurricane “Liza” left countless victims and affected people. As a result of this event the neighbourhood “8 de Octubre” (October 8th) was built in the capital of BCS.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
OCTOBER
1 October Beginning of the pericú rebellion that expanded to all of the Antigua California until it was stopped two years later.
1 October 1868. Félix Ortega Aguilar was born in La Paz. He would become chief of the Constitutionalist Revolution in Baja California Sur.
First Sunday (The 1st of October in 2017) The town of El Rosarito, near San José del Cabo celebrates the day of its patron saint The Virgin of the Rosary
2 October 1847. The patriots commanded by Lieutenant Manuel Pineda repelled the North American invasion in Mulegé.
2 October 1917. General José Antonio Melitón Albañez Dominguez , who was born in Todos Santos, died in Guadalajara, Jalisco. His mortal remains lie in the capital of Jalisco.
3 October 1596. Sebastián Vizcaíno gave its definitive name to La Paz: “I discovered the other very big inlet and some of the plain land that I thought was good…We found a lot of indigenous people that presented themselves as friends…who brought us to the great city of plums… I got out of that port that we called La Paz and I kept on with my journey…”
3 October 1847 Captain Manuel Pineda handed out to his superiors a detailed report about the successful defence that the garrison, the authorities and villagers of Mulegé held against the North American invaders two days before.
6 October 1683. Admiral Isidro Atondo and Jesuit Eusebio Francisco Kino established the real and the mission of San Bruno a little to the north of Loreto after having founded a colony that they called Nuestra Señora de La Paz. in the current Sudcalifornian captital, where they had difficulties with the natives and a lack of water.
8 October 1974. The decree that reformed the 43rd and other articles related to the Constitution were published at the Diario official de la República (Official Journal of the Republic). In it, the federal territories of Baja California Sur and Quintana Roo became estates of the Mexican Federation.
9 October 1982. General Bonifacio Salinas Leal died in Mexico City. He was born in Nuevo León and was governor of the Territory of Baja California Sur from 1959 to 1965. His administration reached important achievements mainly in the fields of education, agriculture and livestock.
11 October 1887. Agustín Arriola Martínez was born in La Paz. He was the first Sudcalifornian by birth that governed his homeland trough plebiscite that was stipulated by Adolfo de la Huerta.
11 October 1970. The great civic concentration in which the popular demand “Gobernador nativo o con arraigo” (“Native or settled down governor”) took place in Loreto along with other exigencies of social, political and economic revendication for the Sudcalifornians.
12 October Day of the Virgen del Pilar, patron saint of Todos Santos of whose traditional festivity is celebrated in this date.
12 October 1960. Cooperative high-school “José María Morelos y Pavón” began its operation in La Paz
12 October 2006. A fire destroyed the main building and the merchandise of “La Perla de La Paz” in the capital of BCS.
14 October 1587. Privateer Thomas of Cavedish anchored in the cape of San Lucas awaiting the arrival of the Manila Galleon (or Chinese ship of Spaniard register) in order to attack it.
14 October 1772. The first 10 Dominics that would be in charge of the management of the Californian missions left by the Franciscans, arrived to Loreto.
15 October 1933. Miguel L. Cornejo Romero died in La Paz. He was a supporter of the Constitutionalist Revolution that was ed by Venustiano Carranza. Thus political affiliation confronted the Sudcalifornian villismo represented by Félix Ortega Aguilar.
16 October 1903. Luis Peláez Manríquez was born in La Paz. He would be an outstanding musician and music teacher in his hometown. Author of the music of the Sudcalifornian chant “Costa Azul” which lyrics were written by Josephine poet Margarito Sández Villarino.
18 October . San Lucas’s day in the Christian book of saints and therefore the celebration of this cabeño city. It is located in the southern side of the Baja California peninsula; this heart of continuous development, particularly in the field of tourism had 68,463 inhabitants according to the 2010 census.
19 October 1992. The municipality of Loreto was created during the administration of governor Victor Manuel Liceaga Ruibal (1987-1993).
21 October 2014. Opening of the suite La Paz, dedicated to the Sudcalifornian capital by Polish musician Jozef Olechowski, in the Concert Hall of the School of Music of BCS. It has 9 parts, and in cover of the first edition of the CD it has the photography of paceño artist Aníbal Angulo.
22 October 2012. The agronomist Raúl Palacios Avilés, died in San José del Cabo, BCS. He was an outstanding Sudcalifornian at the public federal service within the rural production in Mexico. He was born in Santa Rosa, municipality of Los Cabos the 17th of February 1920.
23 October 1847. The population of San José del Cabo lowered the American flag that had been held since the province occupation by North American forces. A little after, the Pacific Navy Squadron retook the occupation position it had had since the previous 29th of March.
24 October 1869. Masonry was founded in Baja California Sur as an initiative of Mr. Santiago Viosca del Solar consul of the United States. His first venerable teacher was Esq. Féliz Martínez and the temple was built in the land that Viosca himself donated and which is found between the streets Aquiles Serdán and Independencia in La Paz.
25 October 1697. Jesuit Juan María de Salvatierra founded the Nuestra Señora de Loreto misión (Our lady of Loreto) at the guaycura zone called Conchó. Meanwhile this place became the first capital of the Californias.
27 October 1976. The decree that created the Normal Superior del Estado de Baja California Sur was published.
28 October 1998. Carlos Dominguez Tapia, journalist, narrator and paceño poet, died. He was born the 1st of May 1939.
29 October 1855. The ship Archibald Gracie, anchored in Cabo Sal Lucas commanded by Juan Napoléon Zerman where it stocked up firewood and water, carrying provisions and weapons to Acapulco for the forces of Juan Álvarez and his Ayutla Revolution.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
NOVEMBER
1 November 1769. Jesuit Francisco María Píccolo founded the missionn of San Francisco Javier Viggé-Biaundó, which he had to leave the next year due to the hostility of the natives. In 1701, it was re-established to its current place by Father Juan de Ugarte.
1 November 1720. Jesuits Jaime Bravo and Juan de Ugarte departed from Loreto on the sloop El Triunfo de la Cruz (The Triumph of the Cross) with the aim of founding the mission of Nuestra Señora del Pilar de La Paz, which happened on the following 4th of November
3 November 1853. La Paz was taken by North American pirate William Walker, who on the same day claimed himself president of the Baja California Republic. He was soon expelled by the Sudcalifornians commanded by Manuel Márquez de León.
4 November 1587. English pirate Thomas of Cavedish attacked the Santa Ana galleon in Cabo San Lucas, which carried a valuable shipment from Manila.
4 November 1720. Jesuits Jaime Bravo and Juan Ugarte founded the misión of Nuestra Señora del Pilar de La Paz, at the current capital of Baja California Sur.
4 November 1768. King Charles III agreed favorably on the request made by the Santo Domingo de Guzmán order (Dominics) to be in charge of the missions left by the Franciscans in Antigua California in order to colonize the continental region.
6 November 1720. At the end of his walk from Loreto, Jesuit Clemente Guillen arrived to the newly settled mission of Nuestra Señora del Pilar de La Paz. His companions Juan de Ugarte and Jaime Bravo had arrived three days in advance.
6 November 1853. Lieutenant Manuel Pineda along with some soldiers and civilians attacked pirate William Walker in La Paz. Although he caused William some casualties he had to retreat due to a lack of munitions.
7 November 1853 When pirate William Walker knew that Lieutenant Colonel Manuel Márquez de León had reunited and armed people to battle him, he boarded his ships while taking governors (outgoing and upcoming) Rafael Espinosa and Juan Clímaco Rebolledo as hostages.
8 November 1972. Lawyer Manuer Torres Iglesias died in La Paz. He was a writer of a wide variety of subjects, poet and teacher of various generations of Saducalifornians. Of Spaniard origin (1896), author of Geografía del Territorio de Baja California (Geography of the Baja California Territoy)
9 November 1964. President Adolfo López Mateo inaugurated the services of the first ferry that would communicate BCS to the Mexican continent, to which was given the name of “La Paz”, specially built in Japan for this purpose.
10 November 1539. In the “Relación” of Francisco Preciado, the name of “California” used for the Baja California peninsula was mentioned for the first time. In 1587 the map where the peninsula appears with the name of Baja California and the south extreme (cabo San Lucas) as cabo California was published.
11 November 1736. Jesuit priest Julián Mayorga died in San José de Comondú. He was born in Toledo, Spain and arrived to New Spain in 1706, then he was a missionary of the Antigua Californian for 28 years.
12 November 1865. Colonel Clodomiro Cota took La Paz after the manifested adhesion to the French intervention by Governor Félix Gibert. However, the invader forces never set foot in Sudcalifornian land.
13 November 1855. Three ships commanded by Jean Napoleon Zerman appeared in La Paz bay, supposedly named by the Mexican government with diverse rights. To his arrival to parley, Governor José María Blancarte made him and his crew prisoners, confiscated everything and sent them to Guadalajara under the charge of freebooters.
15 November 1648. Juan María de Salvatierra was born in Milán , Italy. We would become the head and promoter of evangelization in the Californias for twenty years. He died in Guadalajara (from Jalisco State) on the 18th of July 1717.
16 November 1847 Lieutenant Manuel Pineda, principal commander of the resistance against the North American invasion attacked La Paz in charge of 180 men, until the following December 11th when the allies received reinforcements by sea.
20 November 1853. A popular meeting held in San José del Cabo, named Antonio Navarro as provisional territorial governor because the political leadership had been left without anyone in charge due to the difficulties that William Walker’s pirate incursion caused.
20 November 1958. The Mexican Institute of Social Security began operations in the capital of BCS thanks to the modications made to Hotel Gardenias currently known as Bugambilias (Aquiles Serdán y Vicente Guerrero)
21 November 1847 José Antonio Mijares, a Mexican official born in Spain, died in San José del Cabo during the assault he made against the North American intervention forces.
22 November 1879. Manuel Márquez de León launched in La Paz his revolutionary manifest to the nation and against the government of General Díaz with which the Sudcalifornians anticipated 31 years to the fight of the country against the Porfiriano regime.
23 November 1697. The galley, that took Jesuit Francisco María Píccolo to partake in the new mission founded by Father Juan María de Salvatierra since the last 25th of October, arrived to Loreto
23 November 1876. Rosaura Zapata Cano was born in La Paz. She would become a Pre-school education supporter as well as of the establishment of Kindergartens in Mexico. She was the daughter of Cluadio Zapata, a prestigious soldier who supported the General Márquez de León’s revolution..
27 November 1974. The Constituent Congress of the State of Baja California Sur was established. It was integrate by seven deputies who wrote and finally held the Estate Charter to Felix Agramont the following 15th of January.
28 November 1858. The whale ship Black Warrior, entered one of the North Sudcalifornian Pacific’s lagoons where it devote itself to the indiscriminate killing of the arriving cetaceans that as of today feed, reproduce themselves and give birth in this place. After crossing the bar, the strong waves pounded against the ship causing the keel to open. The current salt-mine population Guerrero Negro took from that ship its Spanish name.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra
DECEMBER
2 December 1547. Hernán Cortés Pizarro died in Seville (Spain) at the age of 62. He was the conqueror of Mexico who at his arrival at the bay and port of Santa Cruz (currently La Paz) on the 3rd of May 1535, incorporated it to the possessions of the New Spain and opened the extensive territorial spaces know at that time as the Californias to the world’s geography and history. He was born in Medellin (Badajoz, Spain)
2 December 1855. The Territorial Council of Baja California issued the Organic Statute of the Territory of Baja California, through which there were governor elections that favoured José María Gómez.
3 December. Day of san Francisco Javier in the catholic book of saints that is celebrated by the homonymous population of the municipality of Loreto. The mission of San Francisco Javier Viggé Biaundó (in Cochimí language) was started by Father Francisco María Píccolo in 1699, and was established at its current place by the also Jesuit Juan de Ugarte in 1701.
4 December. Day of Santa Bárbara patron saint of the city of Santa Rosalía, head of the municipality of Mulegé. Even though the name was given to this place by its first inhabitants (a great part of which were recruited in Santa Rosalía de Mulegé for the cooper extraction work) the pre-built temple was dedicated to Santa Bárbara, patron saint of miners.
8 December. Celebration of the population of La Purísima Concepción de Cadegomó, on the current municipality of Comondú. The mission was established the 1st of January 1720 by Jesuit Nicolás Tamaral.
10 December 1874. Teodoro Riveroll died in Mulegé. He was governor of BCS from 1860 to 1862, designated by the Territorial Council and ratified by President Juárez. He was a liberal of conviction, gifted with an obvious talent and dedicated to the compliance of his duty.
10 December 1929. Félix Ortega Aguilar died in Las Playitas, municipality of La Paz. Due to “Las Playistas Manifest” dated the 20th of July 1913, this distinguished Sudcalifornian joined the text of history to oppose the government of Victoriano Huerta.
12 December. Day of the Mariane advocation of Guadalupe, patron saint of Miraflores, head of the municipality of Los Cabos, which celebrates its yearly festivity. It is located at 220 meter of altitude.
12 December 1853 The provisional political chief Antonio Navarro handed the government to Colonel José Antonio Ochoa, who arrived from Mazatlán in charge of the military forces sent because of the pirate activities of William Walker.
13 December 1976. Cabo San Lucas got the category of municipality delegation. The current territory of the municipality of Los Cabos belonged to La Paz from 1972 to 1980.
17 December 1627. Sebastían Viscaíno died in Mexico City. He was a fundamental character in the époque of the exploration in California at the end of the XVIth century and to whom we owe the name of La Paz to the capital of BCS.
17 December 1736. The colonial forces, helped by the Yaquis totally stopped the pericú rebellion that had begun the 1st of October 1734 and extended through all the territory managed by the Jesuit missions.
17 December 1768. Governor Gaspar de Portolá arrived to Loreto so as to fulfil the royal order of expelling the monks from the Society of Jesus that served in in the 14 missions of California. Later on he led the colonization of Alta California along Junípero Serra.
December 1709. The Manila Galleon (or Chinese ship) “Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación” was attacked in the vicinity of Cabo San Lucas by English pirate Woodes Rogers, but the Spaniard defence obligated the English man to desist.
24 December 1697. In one of the first chapters of the book published in 1946 by Constantino Bayle with the tittle
Misión de la Baja California (Mission of the Baja California), it is stated that Christmas was first celebrated on the following month after the Loreto mission was founded.
24 December 1853. Colonel José Antonio Ochoa handed the political leadership of the territory to Juan Clímaco Rebolledo, who along with ex-governor Rafael Espinosa had escape the kidnapping from the North American William Walker.
26 December 1975. The State decree, by which the Autonomous University of Baja California was created, was issued. Its academic operations began on following 15th of March at the building of primary school “18 de Marzo”
28 December 1730. Jesuit priest Juan de Ugarte died in Loreto. He was the co-founder of the Nuestra Señora del Pilar de La Paz mission an author of prolific missionary and educational work in the Antigua California. In 1717, he substituted Juan María de Salvatierra , forefather of the Californian missions.
29 December 1941. The first group of Synarchists arrived to Baja California Sur, led by Salvador Abascal destined to the fundation of what would become the Maria Auxiliadora colony in the current valley of Santo Domingo.
31 December 1982. It was published in the “Periódico oficial del Gobierno del Estado de Baja California Sur” the Law so that the name of “Baja California Sur” is used at the moment of exercising the right of petition to any authority that resides in the political and geographical area of this entity and that at the same time supresses the term “Baja” according to the text of the aforementioned law.
Written by Translated by
Eligio Moisés Coronado Constanza B. Ramírez Ibarra